Promessas de “desenvolvimento” para a América Latina
experts, cientistas e os projetos de cooperação técnica dos Estados Unidos (1949-1954)
Mots-clés :
Cooperação técnica, Experts, CientistasRésumé
Este artigo analisa os papéis atribuídos a experts e cientistas na cooperação técnica dos Estados Unidos destinada à América Latina no início da Guerra Fria. A reestruturação do cenário internacional que consagrou a liderança mundial dos EUA e uma noção ampliada de segurança promoveu o auxílio técnico a elemento permanente da política externa de Washington. Nesse contexto, a produção acadêmica de cientistas sociais e economistas, e a atuação de médicos, agrônomos e técnicos afins chancelaram a condução de projetos de modernização para a América Latina afinados com o processo de consolidação da hegemonia estadunidense na região. A fim de observar diferentes níveis de atuação de experts e cientistas no empreendimento da cooperação técnica estadunidense, formulamos três categorias que delimitam funções identificadas na documentação examinada: teóricos, elaboradores e técnicos de campo. A partir dessas categorias, apuramos a importância da produção de diagnósticos e soluções para o “subdesenvolvimento” latino-americano do pós-guerra no âmbito do Institute of Inter-American Affairs e do Departamento de Estado.
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